西藏高海拔地区人群高血压与硒的相关性-东南大学学报医学版

西藏高海拔地区人群高血压与硒的相关性

单位：1. 西藏民族大学西藏高原相关疾病分子遗传机制与干预研究省级重点实验室, 陕西咸阳 712082;
2. 陕西中医药大学第二附属医院产科, 陕西咸阳 712000;
3. 西藏民族大学附属医院, 陕西咸阳 712082

分类号：R544.1

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2026·45·第二期（210-220）

摘要：

目的:分析西藏不同海拔人群高血压患病率与硒(Se)的相关性。方法:采取横断面研究,于2021年7月至9月选取西藏山南市浪子卡县(平均海拔5 070 m)和那曲市巴青县(平均海拔4 300 m)共5个村庄的常住藏族居民,采用统一调查问卷收集年龄、性别、饮食习惯等;测量身高、体质量、血压等一般情况;收集土壤、水、食物及人发用于检测Se含量;采用 Spearman相关分析及二元Logistic回归分析高海拔地区人群高血压患病率与头发Se含量的关联。结果:共调查120人,其中海拔5 070 m高血压患病率为22.9%,海拔4 300 m高血压患病率为34.1%,收缩压(SBP)与海拔呈负相关(r=-0.28,P＜0.01);海拔4 300 m土壤达缺Se标准,环境及人发Se含量均低于海拔5 070 m(P＜0.05),头发Se含量与海拔呈正相关(r=0.60,P＜0.01);头发Se含量与SBP呈负相关(r=-0.24,P＜0.01)。按不同性别、海拔、体质量指数(BMI)分层行Spearman相关分析,结果显示,男性头发Se含量与SBP呈负相关(P＜0.05),超重人群头发Se含量与SBP、平均动脉压(MAP)呈负相关(P＜0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示,臀围是高血压的危险因素(OR=1.092,95％CI 1.005~1.186)。结论:头发Se含量有潜力作为高海拔地区男性及超重人群患高血压风险的生物标志物。

Objective: To analyze the correlation between the prevalence of hypertension and selenium(Se) in Tibetan population at different altitudes. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September 2021,5 villages and 120 volunteers were selected in Langzika County(mean altitude 5 070 m), Shannan City, and Baqing County(mean altitude 4 300 m), Nagqu City, Tibet Autonomous Region. Demographic questionnaire was used for collecting age, gender, eating habits, etc. Height, weight, blood pressure(BP) and other general information were collected.Se content in soil, water, food and human hair were detected. Spearman correlation analysis and binary Logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between hypertension prevalence and human hair Se content. Results: A survey of 120 people showed that the prevalence of hypertension was 22.9% at an altitude of 5 070 m and 34.1% at an altitude of 4 300 m. There was a negative correlation between altitude and systolic blood pressure(SBP)(r=-0.28, P＜0.01). Se content in soil at an altitude of 4 300 m meeted the Se deficiency standard, and the Se content in environment and human hair at an altitude of 4 300 m were lower than those at an altitude of 5 070 m(P＜0.05). Se content in human hair were positively correlated with altitude(r=0.60, P＜0.01); Se content in hair was negatively correlated with SBP(r=-0.24, P＜0.01). By Spearman correlation analysis, Se content in hair was negatively correlated with SBP in male hair(P＜0.05);Se content in hair was negatively correlated with SBP and mean arterial pressure(MAP) in overweight population(P＜0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that hip circumference was a risk factor for hypertension(OR=1.092, 95%CI 1.005-1.186). Conclusion: Se content in hair has the potential to be used as a biomarker for hypertension risk in men at high altitude and overweight population.

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