社区2型糖尿病患者慢性并发症患病现状及其影响因素分析-东南大学学报医学版

社区2型糖尿病患者慢性并发症患病现状及其影响因素分析

作者：时巧梅¹ 蒋萌¹ 王猛猛¹ 解晔¹ 李秋梅¹ 赵培¹ 胡乃元¹ 王琦玮¹ 陈雪筠²

单位：1. 扬州市疾病预防控制中心, 江苏扬州 225000;
2. 扬州广陵区疾病预防控制中心, 江苏扬州 225002

分类号：R587.1;R587.2

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2024·43·第六期（837-844）

摘要：

目的:了解我市2型糖尿病患者慢性并发症患病情况,探究其可能的影响因素,为我市制定糖尿病管理相关政策提供依据。方法:2023年10月通过分层抽样的方法从国家基本公共卫生服务系统中抽取我市600名在管的糖尿病患者,采用问卷+体格测量+生化检测相结合的方式收集信息,描述糖尿病患者慢性并发症患病现状及其影响因素分析。结果:共562例糖尿病患者纳入研究,平均年龄(67.53±8.35)岁,慢性并发症的患病率为97.5%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:合并高血压、血脂异常是糖尿病足(OR=2.61,95%CI:2.03~3.36)、糖尿病肾病(OR=2.05,95%CI:1.62~2.60)、周围神经病变(OR=2.43,95%CI:1.89~3.12)、糖尿病视网膜病变(OR=1.85,95%CI:1.47~2.33)、脑血管疾病(OR=4.10,95%CI:2.93~5.75)、心血管疾病(OR=4.46,95%CI:3.14~6.34)等2型糖尿病慢性并发症的危险因素;此外,高体质量指数(BMI)是糖尿病肾病(OR=1.10,95%CI:1.01~1.19)、心血管疾病(OR=1.12,95%CI:1.03~1.23)、脑血管疾病(OR=1.11,95%CI:1.00~1.22)等慢性并发症的危险因素;收缩压(SBP)是脑血管疾病(OR=1.03,95%CI:1.00~1.06)的危险因素;没有午睡习惯是糖尿病视网膜病变(OR=1.88,95%CI:1.09~3.24)的危险因素。结论:重视糖尿病患者慢性并发症,对于没有午睡习惯、合并肥胖以及同时患有高血压和(或)血脂异常等患者,应及时纠正不良生活习惯,定期筛查,提高糖尿病患者的生存质量。

Objective: To understand the chronic complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in our city, explore its possible influencing factors, and provide a basis for the development and management of diabetes-related policies in our city. Methods: In October 2023, 600 patients with diabetes in our city were selected from the National Basic Public Health System through stratified sampling, and the information was collected by means of questionnaire+physical measurement+biochemical detection to describe the status quo of chronic complications of diabetes patients and the influencing factors were analyzed. Results: A total of 562 patients with diabetes were included in the study, with a mean age of(67.53±8.35)years, and the prevalence of chronic complications was 97.5%. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed: the combination of hypertension and dyslipidemia was a risk factor for chronic complications of type 2 diabetes, such as diabetic foot(OR=2.61, 95%CI:2.03-3.36), diabetic nephropathy(OR=2.05, 95%CI:1.62-2.60), peripheral neuropathy(OR=2.43, 95%CI:1.89-3.12), diabetic retinopathy(OR=1.85, 95%CI:1.47-2.33), cerebrovascular diseases(OR=4.10, 95%CI:2.93-5.75), and cardiovascular diseases(OR=4.46, 95%CI:3.14-6.34). In addition, high body mass index(BMI) was the risk factor for chronic complications such as diabetic nephropathy(OR=1.10, 95%CI:1.01-1.19), cardiovascular disease(OR=1.12, 95%CI:1.03-1.23), and cerebrovascular disease(OR=1.11, 95%CI:1.00-1.22). Systolic pressure(SBP) was a risk factor for cerebrovascular disease(OR=1.03, 95%CI:1.00-1.06). Non-habitual nap was a risk factor for diabetic retinopathy(OR=1.88, 95%CI:1.09-3.24). Conclusion: Attention should be paid to the chronic complications of diabetic patients. For patients with non-habitual nap, combined obesity, and patients with hypertension and(or) dyslipidemia, bad living habits should be corrected in time and regular screening should be conducted to improve the quality of life of diabetic patients.

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