高校学生献血安全认知调查及其影响因素分析-东南大学学报医学版

高校学生献血安全认知调查及其影响因素分析

单位：1. 河北省血液中心党委办公室, 河北石家庄 050000;
2. 河北省血液中心血液保障科, 河北石家庄 050000;
3. 河北省血液中心血液供应科, 河北石家庄 050000;
4. 河北省血液中心中心办公室, 河北石家庄 050000;
5. 河北省血液中心质量法规科, 河北石家庄 0

关键词：高校学生献血安全认知影响因素

分类号：R457.1;R193.3

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2024·43·第二期（248-256）

摘要：

目的: 了解高校学生献血安全认知情况,并分析其影响因素。方法: 2023年1月至4月,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样法在某市12所高校中随机抽取3 562名在校学生为调查对象,调查其对献血安全知识认知情况,采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响高校学生献血安全认知水平的因素。结果: 本次调查共发放问卷3 562份,有效问卷3 511份,有效回收率为98.57%;3 511名高校学生中对献血安全知识认知条目总回答正确率≥60%的有1 421名(占比40.47%),其中回答正确率最高的项目为献血后不能剧烈运动(98.43%),其次为无偿献血属于公民自愿无偿的公益行为(97.04%)、献血前不能饮酒(90.63%),回答正确率最低的项目为定期适量献血减少心脑血管疾病/癌症的发生(27.17%);经多因素Logistic回归分析,专业为医科、年级为大四、年级为大五、担任学生干部、个人有献血经历、获取献血知识的途径为相关讲座或大型公益活动、家庭成员有无偿献血经历、家庭成员支持献血均为高校学生献血安全知识认知较好的保护因素(OR=0.308、0.520、0.510、0.542、0.412、0.426、0.386、0.550,P＜0.05)。结论: 高校学生对献血安全知识存在认知不足的情况,个人专业、年级、学生干部任职情况、献血经历、获取献血知识的途径以及家庭成员的经历、态度可影响高校学生献血安全认知。

Objective: To investigate the awareness of blood donation safety among college students, and to analyze its influencing factors. Methods: From January 2023 to April 2023, 3 562 current students were randomly enrolled as respondents from 12 universities in a certain city by using a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method, and their awareness of blood donation safety knowledge were investigated. The factors influencing the cognitive level of blood donation safety among college students were analyzed through the multivariate Logistic regression analysis method. Results: In this survey, a total of 3 562 questionnaires were distributed, of which 3 511 were valid, and the effective recovery rate was 98.57%. In the 3 511 college students, 1 421(accounted for 40.47%) had a total correct answer rate of ≥60% for the items related to blood donation safety knowledge. Among them, the item of the highest accuracy answer rate was the inability to exercise vigorously after blood donation(98.43%), followed by voluntary and unpaid public welfare behavior of citizens of free blood donation(97.04%) and the inability to drink alcohol before blood donation(90.63%), and the item with the lowest accuracy answer rate was regular and appropriate blood donation to reduce the incidence of cardio cerebral vascular disease/cancer(27.17%). Through multiple factor Logistic regression analysis, it was found that the students majoring in medical science, senior, fifth year at university, serving as a student cadre, with personal experience of blood donation, the way to acquire knowledge about blood donation through relevant lectures or large-scale public welfare activities, with family members’ experience of voluntary blood donation, with family members support blood donation were protective factors for college students with better awareness of blood donation safety knowledge(OR=0.308, 0.520, 0.510, 0.542, 0.412, 0.426, 0.386, 0.550, P<0.05). Conclusion: There is lack of awareness among college students about blood donation safety knowledge. Personal majors, grades, employment status of student cadres, blood donation experience, ways to obtain blood donation knowledge and the experiences and attitudes of family members can influence college students’ awareness of blood donation safety.

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