Objective: To discuss the effect and prognosis of vascular interventional embolization therapy for massive hemoptysis in tuberculosis patients.Methods: The patients, hospitalized in the tuberculosis department of the Second Hospital of Nanjing from July 2018 to July 2020 due to tuberculosis and massive hemoptysis, were retrospectively collected. They were treated with internal medicine for one day but remain hemoptysis, thus treated with interventional embolization of bronchial artery, non-bronchial circulation artery and pulmonary artery. The general data, pulmonary angiography, therapeutic effect after embolization, recurrence and adverse reactions were analyzed statistically.Results: Of the 62 patients, 29 patients(46.8%) had a previous history of tuberculosis, 4 cases (6.5%) were rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis, 32 patients(51.6%) had lung cavity and 12 cases(19.4%)had lung damage. Of all the 62 patients, 26(41.9%) had diabetes mellitus, 20(32.3%) had bronchiectasis, 12(19.4%) had hypertension, and 2(3.2%) had chronic pulmonary aspergillosis. Pulmonary angiography identified the culprit vessel for hemoptysis in 62 patients, including bronchial arteries, non-bronchial circulation arteries and pulmonary arteries. Therefore, appropriate embolization materials were selected to perform thesuperselective embolization. The bronchial artery abnormalities included artery enlargement(7/62, 11.3%), artery proliferation(45/62, 72.6%), artery fistula between bronchial artery and pulmonary(29/62, 46.8%), vein fistula between bronchial artery and pulmonary(2/62, 3.2%), bronchial artery traffic branch(15/62, 24.2%), traffic branch between bronchial artery and intercostal artery(5/62, 8.1%). The involved abnormal non-bronchial circulation arteries in pulmonary included intercostal artery(19/62, 30.6%), internal thoracic artery(10/62, 16.1%), inferior phrenic artery(3/62, 4.8%), external thoracic artery(2/62, 3.2%), trunk celiac artery(1/62, 1.6%), and renal artery(1/62, 1.6%). 4 patients(6.5%) were found with pseudo-pulmonary aneurysms in pulmonary artery branches. In all the patients, the cases of immediate hemostasis, cure, effective, ineffective, recurrence were 62(100%), 54(87.1%), 58(93.5%), 4(6.5%) and 6(9.7%). The main reasons for the failure of interventional therapy and recurrence of hemoptysis included the formation of new bleeding artery, the recanalization of embolized vessel and the rupture of pseudoaneurysm of pulmonary artery branch. After interventional embolization of all patients, some narrated mild adverse reactions, such as 8 cases had fever and 5 cases had chest pain, which were relieved and recovered after treatment, while no serious complications were observed.Conclusion: In addition to the abnormal bronchial arteries, abnormal non-bronchial circulation arteries and pulmonary arteries also participated in pulmonary massive hemoptysis especially, the formation of pulmonary pseudoaneurysm is one of the reasons responsible for the failure and recurrence of interventional embolization therapy. Pulmonary vascular embolization for massive tuberculosis hemoptysis is a safe and effective treatment.