新冠疫情背景下医务人员职业倦怠影响因素分析-东南大学学报医学版

新冠疫情背景下医务人员职业倦怠影响因素分析

单位：1. 南京医科大学附属江宁医院医务处, 江苏南京 211100;
2. 南京医科大学医政学院, 江苏南京 211100

分类号：R192

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2020·39·第六期（747-752）

摘要：

目的：了解新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情防控背景下医务人员职业倦怠现状，分析职业倦怠的影响因素。方法：2020年3月至4月开展横断面调查，采用分层比例抽样纳入1 247名研究对象。自行设计问卷收集人口学特征、工作、疫情防控等信息，采用MBI-GS量表中文版评价医务人员职业倦怠现状，多重线性回归筛选职业倦怠的影响因素。结果：调查对象平均年龄32岁，从事医疗相关工作中位时间8年。经量表评价，医务人员职业倦怠均分为1.53分，被判定为职业倦怠的占48.83%。经多重线性回归，从事医疗相关工作时间、学历、对薪酬体系的满意度，以及参与疫情防控工作是医务人员职业倦怠得分的影响因素。结论：完善薪酬体系可以减少医务人员职业倦怠的发生；激发医务人员的使命感和责任感能够显著缓解突发公共卫生事件背景下的职业倦怠。建议在改革薪酬体系、科学安排工作的基础上，强化医务人员的心理干预，提高其职业认同和归属感。

Objective: To assess the prevalence and correlated factors of job burnout among medical staff during the period of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) prevention and control. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between March and April 2020 for 1 247 participants. Stratified proportional sampling was used to recruit medical staff for a questionnaire survey to collect information on demographic characteristics, work status, COVID-19 prevention and control. The Chinese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Scale(MBI-GS) was used to evaluate job burnout for respondents. Multiple linear regression was used to determine associated factors for job burnout among medical staff. Results: The average age of respondents was 32, and the median time for medical related works was 8 years. The average score of job burnout was 1.53 points. Nearly half (48.83%) of medical staff were determined as job burnout through the evaluation of MBI-GS. The median time for medical related works, level of education, satisfaction toward the salary system, and the participation in the prevention and control of COVID-19 were significantly correlated with job burnout as determined by the multiple linear regression model. Conclusion: Improving on the salary system can reduce the occurrence of job burnout among medical staff. Inspiring the sense of responsibility and mission awareness can significantly reduce job burnout of medical staff in the context of public health emergencies. It is recommended to reform the salary system and adopt a reasonable work schedule for medical staff. In addition, strengthening the psychological intervention and improving the sense of occupational belonging and acceptance may help improve on the working enthusiasm of medical staff.

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