目的：探讨亚临床甲状腺功能减退（SCH）对胰岛素抵抗和胰岛B细胞功能的影响。方法：共有92名中学生志愿者行75 g口服葡萄糖刺激胰岛素释放试验（OGIRT），同时测定甲状腺功能。采用HOMA-IR、松田指数（MI）等指标评价胰岛素抵抗。胰岛B细胞功能的评估包括HOMA-β，血胰岛素/葡萄糖之值，以及多种由OGIRT计算出的参数。结果：SCH组较甲状腺功能正常（ET）组OGIRT后120 min血糖显著升高[（7.39±1.07） mmol·L^-1 vs （6.53±1.24） mmol·L^-1，P=0.021]，糖耐量异常的发生率显著升高（53.85 vs 18.99，P=0.017）。SCH组的MI显著降低（33.33±10.32 vs 59.59±27.18，P=0.001），HOMA-IR显著升高[7.61（5.62~9.66） vs 4.04（2.96~5.87），P=0.002]。SCH组较ET组HOMA-β显著升高[318.52（285.87~387.69） vs 217.69（143.79~302.01），P=0.001]，两组间糖负荷后胰岛素曲线下面积较空腹的增量（ΔAUCins），以及其与血糖曲线下面积增量的比值（ΔAUCins/ΔAUCglu）差异无统计学意义，反映胰岛素早相分泌的ΔAUCins30/ΔAUCglu30差异也无统计学意义。结论：SCH较ET者血糖升高，糖耐量异常发生率升高，存在着更为严重的胰岛素抵抗，空腹胰岛素分泌增加，而糖负荷后的胰岛素分泌没有差异。

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