线粒体功能障碍是脑缺血再灌注（CIR）损伤的重要病理机制之一。CIR损伤中线粒体脂质过氧化、蛋白质结构和功能改变、氧化呼吸链的抑制、线粒体DNA受损、线粒体膜结构破坏、线粒体通透性转换孔（mPTP）的开放等引发的线粒体功能障碍与脑细胞死亡密切相关。近年来的研究显示，以线粒体为靶点的中药制剂可减轻CIR损伤及神经功能障碍。寻找改善线粒体功能障碍的中药制剂是目前缺血性脑卒中神经保护研究的热点。本文作者对CIR损伤中线粒体功能障碍的病理机制以及以线粒体为靶点的中药制剂的保护作用的研究进展进行综述，为缺血性脑卒中的治疗提供新的潜在靶点。

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