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南京市儿童医院2013-2017年流感流行病学特征分析
作者:周景  洪丽英  赵洋洋  黄敏 
单位:南京医科大学附属儿童医院 预防保健科, 江苏 南京 210008
关键词:流感 监测 流行病学 儿童 
分类号:R511.7;R181
出版年·卷·期(页码):2018·37·第六期(1005-1009)
摘要:

目的:通过对南京医科大学附属儿童医院2013-2017年流感流行病学特征分析,为儿童流感的防控提供参考。方法:收集2013-2017年南京市儿童医院流感监测上报的流感样病例(influenza-like illness,ILI)资料和病原学检测结果,进行统计分析。结果:2013-2017年共上报ILI 184 488例,ILI就诊百分比(ILI%)为3.65%;采集标本5 643份,病毒分离阳性率为18.50%。各年份ILI%比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5 682.98,P<0.001);病毒分离阳性率比较,差异也有统计学意义(χ2=52.008,P<0.001)。流感在2013年呈单峰流行,流行优势菌株为季节性A(H3N2)型;2014年呈双峰流行,流行优势菌株为新甲型H1N1和H3N2型;2015年呈双峰流行,流行优势菌株为乙型BY系、H3N2型;2016同样呈双峰流行,为新甲型H1N1、乙型BV系、H3N2交替流行;2017年呈单峰流行,优势菌株为乙型BV系。不同年龄组间病毒分离阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=149.74,P<0.001)。不同性别病毒分离阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.134,P>0.05)。结论:南京市儿童流感流行以H3N2型、新甲型H1N1、乙型流感病毒高峰交替出现,加强对幼托儿童、学生的疫苗接种有利于流感防控。

Objective:To study the epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Nanjing Children's Hospital during 2013-2017, and provide references for the prevention and control of children's influenza.Methods:Data of influenza-like illness (ILI) cases and etiological detection were collected and analyzed in Nanjing Children's Hospital from 2013 to 2017. Results:A total of 184 488 ILI cases were reported from 2013 to 2017 and the percentage of influenza-like illness cases (ILI%) was 3.65%; a total of 5 643 specimens were collected and virus isolation positive rate was 18.50%. The ILI% was significantly different among different years (χ2 =5 682.98, P<0.001), and virus isolation positive rate was also significantly different among different years (χ2 =52.008, P<0.001). There was one peak in epidemic curves of influenza in year 2013, type A (H3N2) was the epidemic strain. There were two peaks in epidemic curves of influenza in year 2014, 2015, 2016, the epidemic strain was type A (H1N1) and type A (H3N2) in year 2014, type B (BY) and type A (H3N2) in year 2015, type A (H1N1), type B (BV) and type A (H3N2) in year 2016. There was one peak in epidemic curves of influenza in year 2017, type B (BV) was the epidemic strain. The positive rate of influenza virus was significantly different among the different age groups (χ2 =149.74, P<0.001), and had no statistically significant difference between male and female (χ2 =0.134, P>0.05). Conclusion:Children's flu viruses in nanjing mainly type A (H3), type A (H1N1), and type B appeared alternately. Strengthen the vaccination of childcare children and students is conducive to the influenza prevention and control.

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