目的：通过单独运用远端缺血预处理和远端创伤预处理及两者联合运用的方式给予大鼠不同的预处理措施，再建立心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型，进而评估两种方法单独运用和联合运用的优劣。方法：50只雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、对照组、远端创伤缺血预处理组、远端创伤预处理组和远端缺血预处理组5组。腹部正中切开腹壁2 cm作为创伤预处理，双侧股动脉阻断作为缺血预处理，然后建立心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型。实验过程中监测大鼠血压情况，实验结束后取血清测定大鼠机体氧化抗氧化指标、心肌损伤标记物，并取心脏标本染色后计算心肌细胞凋亡指数。结果：3个实验组血清氧化抗氧化指标、心肌损伤标记物及心肌细胞凋亡指数与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义，而实验组间两两比较则差异无统计学意义。实验组与假手术组比较，血清抗氧化指标和心肌肌钙蛋白差异无统计学意义，而乳酸脱氢酶和心肌细胞凋亡指数与假手术组比较差异有统计学意义。结论：单独运用缺血预处理和创伤预处理或者两者联合使用均能诱导产生心肌保护作用，但是联合使用并没有显示出更强的保护作用。基于这个结果，对行腹部大手术的病人可以不必再给予缺血预处理来保护心肌；而对于行其他非腹部大手术和微创手术的病人，远端缺血预处理对保护病人脏器功能是有益的。

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