外泌体是一种能被大多数细胞分泌的纳米级的微小囊泡，发现的很长一段时间都被认为只是一种包含细胞排泄废弃物的细胞碎片。近年来研究发现，外泌体含有细胞特异性的蛋白、脂质和核酸等生物分子，能作为生物信号分子调节其他细胞的功能，从而在多种生理、病理过程中发挥重要作用，这一发现极大地激发了人们对外泌体的研究兴趣，其中外泌体在肿瘤治疗中的作用正在成为人们关注的热点。本文就外泌体及其在肿瘤治疗中的应用研究进展进行综述。

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