西藏拉萨地区孕妇妊娠期高血压疾病相关危险因素研究-东南大学学报医学版

西藏拉萨地区孕妇妊娠期高血压疾病相关危险因素研究

单位：1. 西藏大学医学院妇产科教研室, 西藏自治区拉萨 850000;
2. 西藏消防总队门诊部, 西藏自治区拉萨 850000;
3. 西藏军区总医院妇产科, 西藏自治区拉萨 850000

分类号：R715.3;R714.246

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2017·36·第四期（586-590）

摘要：

目的：探究并分析西藏拉萨地区孕妇妊娠期高血压疾病的相关危险因素，为预防和干预措施提供参考。方法：选取2010年1月至2015年12月在西藏军区总医院妇产科诊断为妊娠期高血压疾病并住院的134例孕妇为病例组，同时选取同期住院的134例健康孕妇作为对照组，分析孕妇妊娠期高血压疾病的相关危险因素，包括年龄、文化程度、世居或是移居、居住海拔、补钙情况、孕前高血压病史等。结果：妊娠期高血压疾病的发生与年龄、文化程度、居住海拔、补钙情况、孕前高血压病史有相关性（P<0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果表明，年龄（OR=0.598，P=0.044）、文化程度<初中（OR=0.187，P=0.035）、居住海拔≥4 000 m（OR=2.361，P=0.023）、未进行规律补钙（OR=2.526，P=0.048）、孕前高血压病史（OR=67.231，P=0.001）、居住时间（OR=2.394，P=0.029）和民族分布（OR=2.481，P=0.036）是妊娠期高血压疾病发病的危险因素。各因素的贡献值由大至小依次为孕前高血压病史、居住海拔、文化程度、民族分布、年龄、补钙情况。结论：孕妇高龄、文化程度低、居住海拔高、未进行规律补钙、孕前高血压病史、居住时间≥10年和世居民族是西藏拉萨地区妊娠期高血压疾病发病的危险因素，针对以上人群应该加强预防和监控，减少妊娠期高血压疾病的发生。

Objective:To explore the related risk factors of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy in Tibet Lhasa area, and provide reference for prevention and treatment of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. Methods:One hundred and thirty four pregnant women with hypertensive disorder were admitted by Tibet Military Region General Hospital from January 2010 to December 2015 were chosen as the case group, and the 134 healthy patients in the same time were chosen as the control group. The risk factors were studied, including age, educational level, aboriginal or immigrant, living altitudes, calcium addition and history of hypertension. Results:Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy was related to age, educational level, living altitudes, calcium addition and history of hypertension (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=0.598,P=0.044), educational levelOR=0.187, P=0.035), living altitudes ≥ 4 000 mitres (OR=2.361, P=0.023), without regular supplementation of calcium (OR=2.526, P=0.048), and history of hypertension before pregnancy (OR=67.231, P=0.001), living period (OR=2.394, P=0.029) and ethnic distribution (OR=2.481, P=0.036) were risk factors for hypeaension in pregnancy. Contribution from large to small:history of hypertension before pregnancy, living altitudes, educational level, ethnic distribution, age and supplementation of calcium. Conclusion:Old age, low educational level, high living altitudes, not having regular calcium supplementation, history of hypertension before pregnancy, living period and ethnic distribution were risk factors for hypeaension in pregnancy in Tibet Lhasa area. It is impartment to control the risk factors among targeted patients and prevent the hypertension in pregnancy.

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