周围神经损伤是常见的外科疾病之一,为了寻求促进周围神经损伤修复的途径,临床医生和科学工作者长期致力于提高外科技术和改进手术方法,但术后功能恢复仍不如意。近年来飞速发展的组织工程学为此提供了一种新的解决途径,其中雪旺细胞目前被认为是周围神经损伤修复中重要的种子细胞,但其很多方面的应用都受到限制。所以,需寻找雪旺细胞的替代细胞。近年来被发现并逐渐成为研究热点的新型种子细胞之一便是肌源干细胞(muscle-derived stem cell,MDSC)。在本文中作者通过大量阅读相关文献,并结合自己的相关实验经验,对肌源干细胞诱导分化治疗周围神经损伤的理论依据、实验方法、新突破及面临的问题进行综述。

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