子痫前期是妊娠期高血压疾病的一种类型,是妊娠期特有的、严重危害母儿健康的妊娠并发症。19世纪70年代末到80年代初,研究发现子痫前期还存在着遗传特性、发病机制及病理特征等方面完全不同的两种亚型,以妊娠34周为界,小于34周发病者称为早发型子痫前期,大于34周发病者称为晚发型子痫前期。早发型子痫前期约占妊娠期高血压疾病的0.9%,发病早、病情进展迅速、并发症多,常造成严重的母儿病率及死亡率。因此,采用多种预测方法早期筛选出可能发生早发型子痫前期的高危孕妇,尽早采取积极有效的预防措施,以降低发病率、延缓疾病的进展、改善母儿预后是目前研究的热点。在本文中作者就目前早发型子痫前期预测方法的研究进展作一综述。

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