后方入路手术是治疗胸腰椎骨折的经典术式,可以通过由后向前的椎弓根螺钉实现三柱固定,通过椎间撑开经椎弓根撬拨实现椎体骨折复位.通过椎体内植骨技术实现骨折的良好愈合,降低术后椎体高度丢失及内固定失败的风险.但后方入路手术有其适应证,应根据骨折情况来选择.在本文中作者就后方入路手术的适应证、固定节段的选择、微创等方面对近期的文献进行综述.

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