目的：总结国内外载体红细胞在抗肿瘤治疗中应用的进展。方法：以“红细胞、红细胞载体和抗肿瘤”为关键词，计算机检索NCBI和万方数据库，检索年限为2003年1月1日至2013年6月30日，选择标准：（1） 以红细胞作为药物载体；（2） 用载药红细胞进行抗肿瘤治疗。符合分析要求的文献19篇。结果：载体红细胞在血液循环中对包载的抗肿瘤药物有缓释作用，可延长抗肿瘤药物在体内的半衰期。除此之外载体红细胞还有网状内皮系统靶向性，有可观的表面积和体积，有优越的生物相容性和生物可降解性，这些优势使其成为抗肿瘤药物载体的一种理想的选择。国内外有不少实验报道成功用红细胞包载各种抗肿瘤药物，并且在体内外有很好的肿瘤抑制作用。结论：近年来，载体红细胞作为抗肿瘤药物载体，不论是包载技术还是临床应用都有许多新的突破和发现。本文作者就红细胞载药技术的开发和临床前实验的进展进行综述。

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