Objective:To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among residents of West Mofan Road community in Nanjing, and provide scientific evidence for hypertension prevention and intervention. Methods:A cluster random sample of 2 215 community residents over 15 years old were investingated by questionnaire and medical examination. Results:The crude prevalence rate of hypertension was 23.0% (standardized rate was 21.2%). The prevalence rate of hypertension differed significantly among the subjects of different groups which were classified by occupation, education degree, marital status, respectively (P<0.01). Subjects with a family history of hypertension had a higher prevalence of hypertension than those without it, and so did the people with the history of related chronic diseases (P<0.01). The prevalence rates of hypertension among overweight, obesity, smoking, drinking, taste salty, insomnia population were all significantly higher than those without the above-mentioned characteristics. Furthermore, the unconditional multiple logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors for hypertension in this population included male, advanced age, overweight or obesity, less or more sleep, family history, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and chronic kidney disease. Conclusion: The distribution and risk factors of hypertension have local characteristics among urban community residents in Nanjing. Therefore, we should make the comprehensive intervention and management measures to prevent and control hypertension.