Objective:To compare the clinical and pathological relationship between the preoperative ultrasonographic elastography and CT examination and postoperative pathologic results of thyroid carcinoma. Methods:62 cases of postoperative pathologic and totally 75 clinical data of thyroid nodule of ultrasonographic elasticity imaging examination, CT findings with clinical and pathological data were analysised retrospectively in our hospital between 2012.9 and 2013.6. According to the results of ultrasonographic elasticity classification and CT results, the character of thyroid neoplasm was preliminarily judged, and in addition, intraoperative observation of the nodule characteristics and postoperative pathological results were retrospectively analyzed. Results:It was 36.67% of misdiagnosis rate of ultrasonographic elasticity imaging in judging benign nodule, 15.56% of misdiagnosis rate in judging malignant nodules, and total misdiagnosis rate was 24.0%. However, It was 57.14% of misdiagnosis rate of CT examination in judging thyroid nodule, and the total misdiagnosis rate was more than 50% in judging tiny papillary carcinoma. Conclusion:Ultrasonographic elasticity imaging have high sensitivity and specificity degrees in judgement of malignant tumor, especially in tiny papillary carcinoma, which is significantly higher than that of CT examination.For thyroid nodules, in order to increase the accurate rate of diagnosis, ultrasonographic elastography can be used as routine examination of thyroid nodules.