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小儿急性中毒509例原因分析
作者:李娟 陈景銮 张钟灵 
单位:南京医科大学附属南京儿童医院,急诊科,
关键词:小儿 急性中毒 心理卫生 心理行为 预防和干预 
分类号:R595
出版年·卷·期(页码):2001·20·第四期(249-251)
摘要:

目的:分析近5年小儿急性中毒的原因,以采取相应的预防措施.方法:回顾性分析1996年3月~2000年9月间收治的中毒患儿的中毒原因.结果:( 1)小儿急性中毒具有明显的区域性,地区不同、毒物不同及当地医疗卫生水平的高低直接影响小儿中毒后的致残率和死亡率;(2)小儿急性中毒有明显的年龄特征,2~6岁为高发期,小婴儿以家长人为过失为主,2~6岁儿童以物品放置不当、家长看护不周为主,学龄期儿童轻生的比率有所上升;(3)小儿急性中毒与家庭社会环境有关,部分患儿中毒的原因为被害;(4)中毒途径以消化道为主.结论:防范小儿急性中毒不仅仅是单纯的医疗行为,更是全社会共同关心和参与的社会行为.

Objective  To analyse the etiology of the acute poisoning in children for the preventive strategies.Method  A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical children poisoning cases in emergency department from March,1996 to September,2000.Results  (1)The poisoning in children had an obvious district trait,and the district was more variedly and the poison more differently,the disability and the mortality were directly connected with the early treatment.(2)The poisoning in children had clear age characteristic distribution:in young infants was mainly caused by the mistakes of their parents;during 2~6 year  old,a lot of parts were found out importantly with neglecting and lacking of care;the  suicide rate of teen  ages was found significantly high.(3)The poisoning in children had relations with family  society environment,a part of children were due to the victims of a clash of contradiction.(4)These findings indicate that the  tract of the poisoning in children was mainly in digestive system.Conclusion  To prevent the poisoning in children is not only the medical procedures,but also the whole society behavior.

参考文献:

[1] 丁宗一. 儿童期意外损伤.全国儿童意外损伤学术会议论汇编, 1999
[2] 宁工红. 常见毒物急性中毒的简易检验与急救, 2001
[3] 杜亚松. 儿童心理卫生保健, 1999
[4] 杨晓松. 48例小儿急性中毒的病因分析, 1990(1)
[5] JAQUESS D L, FINNEY J W. Previous injuries and behavior pro~blems pr edict childrens injuries. 1994. doi:10.1093/jpepsy/19.1.79
[6] DOWSWELL T, TOWNER E M, SIMPSON G. Preventing children un intentional i njuries-what works A literature review. 1996. doi:10.1136/ip.2.2.140
[7] Mancianx M. Accidents in childhood:from epidemiology to pre~vention, 1985 

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