早在19世纪中叶,人们就发现胚胎组织与肿瘤的相似性,并提出肿瘤起源于静止的胚胎残余组织的激活.随着干细胞生物学的发展以及对肿瘤发病机制认识的不断深入,又提出了肿瘤起源于成体组织中干细胞的学说,越来越多的证据显示肿瘤可以看作是干细胞生长调控机制失调引起的异常组织器官,肿瘤中存在少部分肿瘤干细胞(cancer stem cells,CSC).因此,只要找到这种肿瘤干细胞,并对它实施靶向性打击,就可能从根本上摧毁肿瘤细胞的母体,那么母体周围的肿瘤细胞就会陆续凋亡,使肿瘤细胞全部死亡,从而可避免外科手术、化疗和放疗等传统肿瘤治疗方法所存在的弊端.

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