近年的研究使我们认识到骨关节炎(OA)是在机械性和生物性因素共同作用下,关节软骨细胞、细胞外基质与软骨下骨的合成与分解的生理平衡失调的结果。多种炎症介质、基质成分和机械刺激共同作用于关节细胞从而导致关节软骨的分解代谢明显大于合成代谢,这些介质都是通过特异性地与其受体结合传递信号进入细胞核,启动基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)和炎症基因的转录和表达来发挥作用的。因此通过研究相关的细胞信号转导通道,揭示OA的发病机制并从中找寻有效的治疗靶点,为研发有效防治OA的药物开辟了新的思路。在本文中作者以文献回顾的方式,总结在OA发生发展过程中与其相关的主要信号通路的研究进展。

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