[Abstract] : Objective To observe the affect of γ-interferon, interleukin-2 and neutralizing antibody levels in patients with rabies vaccination combination with thymosin. Method 100 patients divided in two groups: the vaccine group (vac group): 50 cases of rabies postexposure patients were given vaccine 2.5u, routine immunization procedures; the thymosin group(xxt group): 50 cases were given a single dose of thymosin 50mg each with rabies vaccine 2.5u together. Blood serums were maintained before injection (D0), on the 7th (D7), on 6 month(M6) and 12 month(M12). Γ-interferon, interleukin-2 and neutralizing antibody andLymphocyte count were detected, together. Result 1,Both of the lymphocyte counts were no differences; 2, Interleukin-2 level: Both high points on the M6. Comparison group, in vac groups significant difference was found among D0 vs M6 (p<0.001), D7 vs M6(p<0.001);in xxt group, significant difference were found among D0 vs D7/M12/M6(p<0.001);D7/M6 vs M12(p<0.05/0.001); Other no difference in two groups. comparison between groups: significant difference was found on D7 dot. Other no difference. 3, γ-interferon level: Both high points on the D7. In vac group, significant difference was existed among D0 vs D7/M6 (p<0.001),D7 vs M6/M12(p<0.001);M6 vs M12;in xxt group, difference was found between D0 vs D7/M6(p<0.001),D7 vs M12/M6 (p<0.05/0.001), M6 vs M12(p<0.05/0.001). Other no difference. Comparison between groups: significant difference between two group on D7(p<0.05).4, Neutralizing antibody (RFFIT,NAB) level:Both high points on the M6. Comparison group: There were significant differences between D7 vs. M6/M12, M6 vs. M12 in two groups (p<0.001). Comparison between group: significant difference between D7 (p<0.05). Other no difference. Conclusion 1, Rabies vaccine combined with a single dose of thymosin was safe. 2,The levels and positive rate of neutralizing antibodies in xxt group were better than those in vac group on D7.But no difference on M12.