Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma(PHC) is one of the most common human cancers worldwide, with rising annual incidence.Although the screening procedures for PHC have improved, a large proportion of patients with HCC are diagnosed at an intermediate or advanced cancer stage and are not considered suitable for curative treatments. For patients with inoperable HCC, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is regarded as a useful palliative method for disease control and survival prolongation. TACE with oily contrast medium and chemotherapeutic agents may result in ischemic necrosis of HCC nodules. However, the possibility of treatment-related complication may offset the survival benefit, especially by the worsening of liver functions.