microRNAs(miRNAs)是内源性非编码小RNA,其在转录后水平负调控靶基因的表达。miRNAs参与多样性的生命活动过程,包括代谢调节及细胞的增殖、分化与凋亡,这些生命过程的失调将导致疾病状态,因此miRNAs与许多疾病的发生、发展和预后有着密切的联系。研究发现,一些miRNAs在正常子宫内膜组织和子宫内膜异位症患者子宫内膜组织(异位和在位)中表达水平明显不同。对某些在子宫内膜异位症中调节异常的miRNAs靶基因的研究,将有助于我们了解子宫内膜异位症的发病机制,同时也为其有效治疗提供新途径。

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