Objective: To study the distribution features and treatment of neuroendocrine tumor(NET). Methods: Retrospective analysis, follow-up study and literature review of 7 treated NET patients were done in Nanjing Luhe People's Hospital from January, 2006 to April, 2011. Results: Seven rectum NET cases accounted for 1.1% in all rectum tumor cases at the same time period in NHTCM, including 5 males and 2 females. Five patients (71%) with tumor located within 10 cm from the anal verge. Three patients received local wide excision, 3 patients received endoscopic mucosal resection, after surgery, histopathologic examination showed that two patients had no carcinoma cells in the tumor base, 1 had carcinoma cells in the tumor base and then received local wide excision. The tumor of the 7th patient was 1.5 cm in diameter and located at 10 cm from the anal verge and the patient received rectum anterior resection. All patients were followed up and they all survive now. Conclusion: Rectum NET cases are uncommon. It often occurs at the far end of rectum and it happens more in male than in female. The surgery principles for rectum NET are similar with those in rectal adenocarcinoma.