新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）作为早产儿和低出生体重儿死亡的重要原因之一，发病急、进展快、早期诊断困难。因此迫切需要确定适合于NEC早期诊断的非侵入性生物标志物，为早期干预和缓解疾病进展提供机会。作者就有望用于NEC早期诊断的分子标志物，包括尿液来源的肠脂肪酸结合蛋白、尿血清淀粉样蛋白A、粪钙卫蛋白、粪便挥发性有机化合物、粪便中肠道菌群谱、肠碱性磷酸脂酶、尿液来源的尿补体C3a和C5a等的最新研究进展作一综述。

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