目的：探讨固醇调节元件结合蛋白1（SREBP1）在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法：采用免疫组化方法（SP法）检测80例手术切除的乳腺癌组织、30例正常乳腺腺体组织及30例乳腺纤维腺瘤组织中SREBP1的表达情况。结果：SREBP1在正常乳腺腺体组织及乳腺纤维腺瘤组织中低表达，在乳腺癌组织中高表达。SREBP1的表达与淋巴结转移和TNM分期有关（P<0.05），与组织学分级、肿瘤大小、病理组织类型、淋巴结转移个数、复发转移方式、ER/PR/HER2表达无关（P>0.05）。生存分析发现，SREBP1低表达组患者中位无病生存时间为73个月，高表达组为60个月，差异有统计学意义（χ²=6.651，P=0.01）。结论：SREBP1是乳腺癌局部复发和远处转移的重要生物学指标，检测SREBP1有助于判断乳腺癌患者的预后，有望成为乳腺癌靶向治疗的一个新靶点。

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